7 Early Warning Signs of Dementia You Shouldn’t Ignore
Dementia is a condition that affects the brain, making it harder for a person to remember information or think clearly. Though we often associate it with aging, dementia is not a normal part of growing older. Instead, it is a sign that something more serious is taking place in the brain.
Below, I will share seven early warning signs of dementia you should keep in mind. If you recognize any of these signs—whether in yourself, a loved one, or a friend—do not ignore them. Early detection and treatment can help slow the process and improve quality of life.
1. Memory Lapses That Interrupt Daily Life
One of the most noticeable signs of dementia is forgetting information that was recently learned. For instance, a person might ask the same questions again and again, or they could forget important dates. While everyone forgets things from time to time, in dementia, these lapses become more frequent and begin to disrupt daily activities. You might notice someone placing their keys in unusual spots or struggling to remember what they had for breakfast. These changes go beyond the occasional misplaced item; they are recurring problems that make everyday tasks more challenging.
2. Difficulty Planning or Solving Simple Problems
Another telltale sign of dementia is having trouble with tasks that once came easily. For example, a person might find it difficult to follow a simple recipe they have used for years. They might also struggle with basic arithmetic, such as calculating change or balancing a checkbook. Along with these difficulties, they may have a hard time organizing their day. It becomes tougher for them to keep track of doctor’s appointments, personal errands, or household chores. When you see a decline in the ability to plan or solve problems, it could be an early signal of dementia.
3. Confusion About Time and Place
We all lose track of time once in a while, but someone with dementia often experiences serious confusion about dates, seasons, and even where they are. They might wake up thinking it’s a different time of day or believe it is summer when it’s actually winter. A hallmark of dementia is confusion that goes beyond simple forgetfulness. For instance, the person may get lost in a familiar neighborhood or not be able to remember how they arrived in a certain place. This disorientation can be frightening and sometimes puts them at risk of wandering off or getting hurt.
4. Trouble With Words, Speaking, or Writing
Individuals with early dementia may struggle to follow or join a conversation. If you find them pausing in the middle of talking because they can’t recall the right word, this might be more than just the usual “tip-of-the-tongue” moment. As dementia progresses, many people also have trouble writing. They might forget what they were trying to say, or they could repeat themselves several times in a short span. This change in communication can lead to frustration or embarrassment, causing them to avoid social situations where these difficulties could be noticed.
5. Misplacing Items and Losing the Ability to Retrace Steps
Everyone misplaces things occasionally. However, a possible indication of dementia is placing objects in unusual spots, such as putting the car keys in the refrigerator or the TV remote in a sock drawer. When this happens continually, and the person cannot retrace their steps to find the missing items, it might be a warning sign. Accusing others of stealing possessions also becomes more common in some people with dementia because they cannot recall where they placed their items.
6. Poor Judgment or Changes in Decision-Making
Poor judgment is another early warning sign that should not be overlooked. If you notice that someone who was once smart with money is giving large sums away or buying items they do not need, it might be due to dementia. They may also pay less attention to how they dress or forget simple grooming routines. These actions go beyond an occasional lapse in judgment, revealing a decline in their ability to make sound decisions. Such changes can put the individual in risky or embarrassing situations.
7. Withdrawal From Social Activities
Finally, be on the lookout for a person who was once active in their community suddenly withdrawing from group outings, sports, or family gatherings. Dementia can cause a loss of confidence, especially when dealing with memory lapses or confusion. As a result, those affected might feel anxious or uncomfortable around others, leading them to avoid social activities they once enjoyed. This isolation can further decrease their ability to communicate, thereby leaving them more vulnerable to feelings of loneliness or depression.
What to Do If You Notice These Signs
If you or a loved one displays any of the early warning signs mentioned above, seek medical advice. Talk to a healthcare provider, such as a neurologist or a geriatrician, who can run tests to determine if dementia is the cause. Getting a diagnosis early allows for proper treatment and planning. While there is no definitive cure for most types of dementia, treatments can slow progression for some people. In addition, lifestyle changes—like regular exercise, a balanced diet, and brain-stimulating activities—may help maintain mental function for as long as possible.