How to Tell If You May Have an Ulcer
An ulcer is an open sore that develops on the lining of your stomach, small intestine, or esophagus. The most common types are peptic ulcers, which include gastric ulcers (in the stomach) and duodenal ulcers (in the upper part of the small intestine). But how can you tell if you might have an ulcer? Continue reading about the symptoms and what you should look out for.
Burning Stomach Pain Is the Most Common Symptom of an Ulcer
The most telltale sign of an ulcer is a burning pain in the stomach area. This pain often:
- Occurs between your breastbone and belly button
- Feels like a gnawing, burning, or aching sensation
- Can last for minutes to several hours
You might notice that the pain gets worse when your stomach is empty, such as between meals or at night. However, eating certain foods or taking antacids may temporarily relieve the discomfort.
If You Experience Bloating or a Feeling of Fullness, It Could Be an Ulcer
Feeling bloated or uncomfortably full is another symptom of ulcers. You may notice that your stomach feels swollen or tight, especially after eating. This bloating happens because ulcers can cause the digestive process to slow down, leading to gas and discomfort.
Nausea, Especially in the Morning, Could Be a Sign of an Ulcer
Nausea is a common symptom, especially in the morning before you eat. It can also occur when your stomach is empty or right after meals. This happens because the ulcer irritates your stomach lining, leading to a queasy feeling.
If You Often Feel Heartburn or Acid Reflux, an Ulcer Might Be the Cause
Heartburn or acid reflux can be mistaken for symptoms of an ulcer since both involve a burning sensation in the chest or throat. But with an ulcer, you might notice that the pain is more intense and longer-lasting, often accompanied by a sour or bitter taste in your mouth.
Unexplained Weight Loss Could Point to an Ulcer
If you’re losing weight without trying, it could be due to an ulcer. The pain and discomfort caused by the ulcer might lead you to eat less or avoid certain foods, resulting in unintentional weight loss. In more severe cases, the ulcer can interfere with your body’s ability to absorb nutrients, leading to further weight loss.
Black or Dark Stools Can Be a Sign of a Bleeding Ulcer
One of the more serious signs of an ulcer is noticing black, tarry stools. This happens when the ulcer is bleeding, and the blood mixes with your digestive fluids, turning your stools dark. If you notice this symptom, seek medical attention immediately, as it indicates that the ulcer may be causing significant bleeding.
Vomiting, Especially with Blood, Could Indicate an Ulcer
Another alarming sign is vomiting, particularly if you notice blood or a substance that looks like coffee grounds. This means that the ulcer is bleeding and can be a sign of a more severe condition that requires urgent medical care.
Loss of Appetite Could Be a Warning Sign
Ulcers can cause a loss of appetite, mainly because the pain worsens after eating. You might find yourself avoiding meals or feeling full quickly after eating small amounts. This, in turn, can lead to weight loss over time.
How to Tell the Difference Between a Gastric and Duodenal Ulcer
While gastric and duodenal ulcers share many of the same symptoms, there are some differences:
- Gastric ulcers (in the stomach) often cause pain shortly after eating, as the stomach produces acid.
- Duodenal ulcers (in the small intestine) usually cause pain hours after eating or during the night when the stomach is empty.
What Causes Ulcers?
Several factors can lead to the development of an ulcer, including:
- Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) infection: This bacterium is one of the most common causes of ulcers. It damages the protective lining of your stomach and small intestine, making it easier for acid to cause sores.
- Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs): Regular use of NSAIDs like ibuprofen or aspirin can irritate your stomach lining, increasing the chance of developing an ulcer.
- Excess stomach acid: Certain conditions, such as Zollinger-Ellison syndrome, can cause your stomach to produce too much acid, leading to ulcers.
- Stress and spicy foods: While they don’t directly cause ulcers, they can make the symptoms worse.
When to See a Doctor
You should see a doctor if you experience any of the following symptoms:
- Persistent burning stomach pain that doesn’t go away
- Unexplained weight loss
- Vomiting blood or black, tarry stools
- Difficulty swallowing
- Symptoms that interfere with your daily life
Your doctor may recommend tests like a breath test, blood test, or endoscopy to diagnose an ulcer accurately.
