Pain in the Top of the Foot: Causes and Treatment Options
Are you experiencing pain on top of your foot? Is the pain severe?
Is it difficult for you to walk, run, or even stand? Is the pain radiating from your ankle to your toes?
If so, it is important to identify the source of the pain so that you can receive the proper treatment.
Normally, pain in the top of your foot will go away on its own after a few weeks.
However, if the foot pain is severe or lasts longer than a few weeks, you may need to see a doctor.
This article will go over potential causes of pain on top of the foot and discuss treatment options.
Let’s dive in
What Causes Pain on Top of the Foot?
There are many different conditions that can cause pain on top of the foot.
1. Overuse
Overuse injuries are the most common type of injury that can cause pain on top of the foot.
These injuries occur when the tendons or muscles in the foot are used too much, causing them to become inflamed.
Overuse injuries can be caused by activities such as jumping, running, kicking, or exercising too long or too hard without giving the foot time to rest.
2. Gout
Gout is another possible cause of pain on top of the foot.
It is a type of arthritis that can cause sudden, intense pain in the joints at the base of your big toe.
Other symptoms of gout include swelling, redness, and warmth in the affected joint.
Gout is caused by a build-up of uric acid in the body.
3. Bone Spurs
Bone spurs, or exostoses, are bony outgrowths that can form on the top of the foot.
They are often caused by repetitive trauma or pressure to the area.
Bone spurs can be painful and make it difficult to walk or wear shoes.
4. Peripheral Neuropathy
Peripheral neuropathy is a condition that can cause burning, stabbing, or shooting pain and tingling or numbness that spreads from the feet up into your legs.
It is caused by damage to the peripheral nerves, which are the nerves that carry signals between the brain and the rest of the body.
Other symptoms of peripheral neuropathy include weakness, muscle cramps, and loss of balance.
5. Common Peroneal Nerve Dysfunction
The common peroneal nerve is a branch of the sciatic nerve that extends down the leg and wraps around the fibula (the smaller of the two bones in the lower leg).
This nerve is responsible for movement and sensation in the muscles of the lower leg and foot.
Common peroneal nerve dysfunction is a condition that occurs when the common peroneal nerve is damaged or compressed.
This can cause weakness, numbness, tingling, and pain at the top of the foot, as well as walking difficulties.
6. Sinus Tarsi Syndrome
Sinus tarsi syndrome is a condition that affects the sinus tarsi, or the channel found between the heel and the bone on the outside of the foot.
This channel is filled with fluid, which helps to cushion and protect the foot.
Sinus tarsi syndrome occurs when the sinus tarsi become inflamed, causing pain and swelling on the top of the foot.
It is often caused by overuse or repetitive trauma to the foot.
7. Extensor tendonitis
The top of your foot is also home to a number of tendons that attach your muscles to your bones. These tendons are responsible for moving your toes and foot upward.
Extensor tendonitis is a condition that occurs when these tendons become inflamed or irritated.
Due to their location, the tendons in the top of your foot are particularly susceptible to injury.
Overuse, repetitive motions, and direct trauma can all lead to extensor tendonitis.
Symptoms of this condition include pain and tenderness in the top of the foot, swelling, and difficulty moving the foot upward.
8. Ganglion cysts
Ganglion cysts are non-cancerous lumps that can develop on the top of the foot.
They are often filled with a jelly-like substance and can range in size from small to large.
While they are not usually painful, ganglion cysts can cause pain and discomfort if they press on nearby nerves or joints.
Ganglion cysts are usually benign and do not require treatment.
However, if they are causing pain or interfering with activities, they can be drained or surgically removed.
9. Stress fracture
A stress fracture is a small crack in a bone that occurs due to repetitive trauma or overuse.
The top of the foot is a common site for stress fractures, particularly in runners.
Symptoms of a stress fracture include pain that worsens with activity and subsides with rest, swelling, and tenderness.
If you suspect you have a stress fracture, it is important to see a doctor as soon as possible.
Untreated stress fractures can lead to more serious injuries.
How is Pain on Top of the Foot Treated?
There are a number of different treatment options available for pain on top of the foot.
1. Rest
Rest is one of the most important treatment options for pain on top of the foot.
It is important to give the foot time to heal and recover from the injury.
This may mean taking a break from activities that put stress on the foot, such as running, jumping, or playing sports.
2. Ice
Applying ice to the affected area can help to reduce pain and inflammation.
Ice should be applied for 20-30 minutes at a time, several times a day.
3. Compression
Compression bandages or ankle supports can also be helpful in treating pain on top of the foot.
They help to reduce swelling and support the foot.
4. Elevation
Elevating the foot can also help to reduce pain and swelling.
It is important to keep the foot above the level of the heart to allow gravity to help reduce the swelling.
5. Over-the-Counter Anti-inflammatory Drugs
Over-the-counter anti-inflammatory drugs, such as ibuprofen or naproxen, can help to reduce pain and inflammation.
6. Physical Therapy
Physical therapy can be helpful in treating pain on top of the foot.
A physical therapist can provide exercises that stretch and strengthen the muscles and tendons in the foot to help improve range of motion and flexibility.
7. Surgery
In some cases, surgery may be necessary to treat pain on top of the foot.
This is usually only necessary if the pain is caused by a structural problem, such as a bone spur, deformity, or fracture.
Surgery can also be used to release the common peroneal nerve if it is compressed.
8. Orthotics
Orthotics, such as arch supports, can also be helpful in treating pain on top of the foot.
They help to support the foot and reduce stress on the bones and joints.
9. Massage
Massaging the affected area can also help to reduce pain and inflammation.
10. Acupuncture
Acupuncture is a traditional Chinese medicine technique that involves inserting thin needles into the skin at specific points.
Acupuncture has been shown to be effective in treating pain.
11. Chiropractic Care
Chiropractic care is a type of alternative medicine that focuses on the diagnosis and treatment of musculoskeletal disorders.
A chiropractor can provide Manipulative therapies to help reduce pain and improve range of motion.
Final thoughts
Pain on top of the foot can be a debilitating condition that makes it difficult to walk or stand.
Most cases of pain on top of the foot can be treated with conservative methods, such as rest, ice, and compression.
However, in some cases, surgery may be necessary to correct a structural problem or release a compressed nerve.
If you are experiencing pain on top of your foot, it is important to see a doctor or other healthcare provider to get an accurate diagnosis and to determine the best course of treatment.
